Will Yoast’s Readability Score Make or Break my SEO?

Lots of my audience are asking if readability affects SEO. This whole guide deals with the question of readability’s place in your SEO strategy but is a little tongue in cheek – written to fail most popular readability tests while retaining meaning. I feel it is best read as a whole, but I also included two stand alone sections if you are looking for a clear answer to:

• Does readability affect SEO?
• The place in for Passive voice in SEO.

It’s interesting that Yoast’s SEO plugin has expanded into readability. While it’s thought of as a direct readability factor – and spelling at least probably is – last year I did a small study which indicated that readability is a lot more complex than the Flesch-Kincaid readability test. You want your visitors to understand what you write, but beyond that is there really just one way to be user friendly and reap the ranking benefits?

Google has a little known function – you can search by estimated readability level, beginner, intermediate and advanced. My study looked at the first few results of searches aimed at different age groups and concluded that the common wisdom of the time, that easy readability would directly help your search ranking is flawed.

The study which you can look at here was too small to prove anything. No size of correlation study can prove anything but it did lead to two conclusions:

1. Google directly uses readability as part of their ranking algorithm, but in a far more advanced way than ‘simple writing that a ten year old can read is always better’
2. Google doesn’t take readability into account directly as a ranking factor, but the indirect gains from writing for your audience supersede the negativity theorised by Yoast.

It may sound obvious but you would be amazed how many SEOs dumb down their clients pages because they consider simple wording to be better. This idea is now being reinforced by a hugely popular plugin which many bloggers have used for years to guide their SEO practices, problem is easy readability is not always what your audience will want.

Let me be clear, ideally anybody who might want to read your content should be able to read your content. That doesn’t mean that you should write in a way that isn’t natural to you in order to score plugin points, specially if you feel there is even a small loss to the feel of your work.

If you can’t explain it simply you don’t understand it well enough BUT simple doesn’t always mean short sentences void of jargon.

Jargon gets a bad rep, but take a quick look at the word’s origins. Jargon is industry specific slang. Who are your audience – are they beginners who need to be slowly spoon fed jargon so that they understand more advanced blogs, or are they nerds who will appreciate correct use of language? A lot of jargon – again like slang – has a story behind it; try and get the origin of the word into the explanation, it may be a funny story.

I use Yoast’s SEO plugin and would advise it to anybody who uses WordPress as the best SEO plugin. You may have guessed that I am not a fan of Yoast’s readability update. I have deliberately written this text to get a bad readability score from Yoast, however hopefully nobody will have any problem with understanding what I write.

In the next few sections I will aim to be more impartial than this introduction. Some of the suggestions Yoast gives are perfectly valid in most situations – but not all situations.

The readability score is only a guide, Yoast is not using AI to get the context of your pages (Google does). Like getting a green light for SEO doesn’t mean your page will rank well in Google, a green light for readability doesn’t mean your text is well written. Should you pay attention to Yoast’s readability score?

Initially I failed the Flesch’s readability test by getting a score of 59.7. By their analysis this should be readable by an average 13 year old but that is not considered good enough to be greenlighted by Yoast. After tweaking this post my score happened to improve by 0.6% – practically nothing but the difference between a pass and a fail. Now my readability score is down to 59.4. More on that coming up.

Subheadings and Search

Subheadings are highlighted both in Yoast’s readability, and SEO scores. Subheadings are a good way of dividing up your text for ease of understanding and navigation. Google are also likely pay more attention to keywords in your subheadings than in your regular text. It is hard to find any fault with Yoast suggesting you use at least some subheadings.

The only (small) problem on the readability side is that Yoast advises you keep less than 300 words between your subheadings. This post has a very long introduction. It may have been easier to read split into subheadings, but at the same time adding subheadings before this section felt forced and I personally feel they would have lowered the overall quality of this article.

There are also alternatives. Bullet points, images, bold, italics and quotes all divide up your text into easy to read sections similar to subheadings. Varied textual characteristics improve the amount of time a reader spends on your pages, so presumably also aid readability. Even so subheadings are the only readability metric that Yoast uses which I can confidently say will help your SEO.

Having an SEO plugin advise you to use subheadings is definitely a good idea for absolute beginners. 1 point to Mr Yoast.

Transition Words and Flesch Kincaid

The Flesch Kincaid readability test attempts to mathematically identify the average age that a person will be able to understand your text. Yoast advises that your text should be readable by anybody above 8th grade (US) level – approximately 12-13. There’s two real problems with this. Firstly not all text should be readable by your average 12 year old, Google seem aware of that fact and don’t always rank easy readable pages first.

Secondly the readability test uses the ratio of syllables to words, and words to sentences to give a score from 1-100. Should this particular test be used by an SEO plugin? Overall it sounds like a good idea, however scores of 0-30 are classified as “best understood by university graduates” and 30-50 points is college level. That’s not a negative for a text written targeting university graduates or students; scientific papers often score low on this readability test.

My (correct) use of a semicolon in the previous sentence will automatically give me a slightly lower Flesch-Kincaid readability score than if I used a full stop. Tools designed to improve readability and flow turn into negatives when you are aiming for basic readability. Take the following comma, I could have added an extra full stop but then I would be writing for the readability test rather than the end user.

Also Yoast encourages including transition words (connectives – and, but, although, henceforth…) in nearly a third of your sentences. The more complex and compound sentences with transition words that you use, the worse that Flesch Kincaid will score your readability. In order to maximise Yoast’s readability score, everywhere that you can use a full stop you should use a full stop – unless you can use a transitional word instead… which is bad according to Flesch…

I may be being pedantic here, but the Flesch Kincaid readability test doesn’t correlate with SEO rankings. It also isn’t a great estimator of readability, and use of complex sentences (sentences which use transition words) is seen as positive and negative at the same time. The nail in the coffin is a study done on Wikipedia. Out of 2000 pages most would fail this aspect of Yoasts readability test with subjects such as religion considered college level. None of these subjects would get a green light for the plugin.

Short sentences

In the name of fairness I have to point out that Yoast advises a sentence length of 20 words. This doesn’t take into account the amount of syllables in a word or sentence length like the Flesch Kincaid test does. 20 word sentences are easily long enough to be complex, if not compound. It is sometimes difficult to understand the subject of a long compound sentence, but that doesn’t mean that they are inherently bad.

Long and complex sentences should be perfectly understandable as long as they are truly complex sentences: not compound sentences missing a comma, two sentences missing a full stop, or a grey area inbetween missing a semicolon.

The reason that I object to these particular three readability scorings is that used together it is very hard to get a perfect score. If you didn’t know that none of these scores are likely to have any direct effect on SEO at all, you could drive yourself mad trying to write a perfect scoring webpage which sacrifices actual readability.

I have deliberately used a lot of complex and long sentences to show that it’s possible to keep good readability. I think the main obstacle to a young teen reading this text is the use of jargon. Jargon is not a negative if you are writing for a specific audience. There will be very few – if any – people in their early teens who know, or care about SEO. In most online communities correct use of technical wording is very important. It is better to link to a glossary explaining jargon than using incorrect language to get a green light on a plugin.

You Shouldn’t Start Concurrent Sentences With The Same Word (Except When You Should)

Fair game Yoast. Generally repeating the first word of a sentence is bad. One suggestion – highlight where this has been done. The only post (other than this one) where I have found myself getting called out by Yoast for repetition is over 9000 words long.

I can’t find which sentences the damn plugin is referring too. It’s lazy but I’m being sloppy – I don’t want to search for a needle in a haystack. It’s sloppy but repetition adds emphasis so there are cases where it’s a perfectly valid tool. It’s sloppy and over the top – not the best example – but I hope this paragraph highlights that sometimes repetition is acceptable.

Understand Passive Voice and Improve Your SEO

Advanced linguistics follow which can be simplified to one sentence. Write for your demographic as compellingly as you can! If you would like to learn more about passive voice’s lack of effect on readability or SEO, if you are curious about how to write more compellingly, or if you want to see Yoast SEO’s biggest readability mistake read on. Alternatively please skip to the next section which answers why SEO friendly content isn’t the same as easy to read content?

Bear with me because there’s no easy way of explaining my gripe – you will either understand passive voice and it’s uses or you won’t. Parts of this blog may read strangely. This is why. You don’t have to understand the following section to see how bad Yoast’s passive voice analysis is.

Reading it is fairly self explanatory until I paraphrase Wikipedia. Passive voice is an advanced grammatical construct which isn’t hugely relevant to SEO or writing – everyone has their own style and preference. Why does Yoast criticise for using it? Well it was frowned upon in the past (except when it wasn’t) and people still follow many dated practices, including why to use passive voice to gain users.

The passive voice can be inexact and grammatically inferior – it is considered impersonal and impolite while the active voice is considered formal and correct. Understanding the active voice can make your writing more compelling, however like all grammatical rules there are exceptions. A lot of SEOs use passive voice to build a friendlier relationship with their audience.

What is passive voice? An example of Yoast’s biggest mistake!

I really tried to make this very complex subject as easy to understand as possible by using a relevant example. Please give me feedback to help future readers in the comments at the bottom. Wikipedia does a good job of explaining grammatical voice in their introduction. You’ll see my biggest issue with Yoast including readability in his SEO plugin as I explore passive voice in the SEO context.

So I have used passive voice a fair bit in this article and it may look odd, you didn’t notice my use of passive voice though, or if you did hats off to you. In this heading I have italisied what brings false negatives in Yoast’s plugin, as well as properly explaining below. I will stop confusing you.

When you are using active voice, the subject who has initialised an event [bolded in the following two examples] is mentioned before the target of said event [italicised]. Passive voice is the reverse (explained in more depth later on).

• The cat sat on the mat. [active voice]
• The mat was sat on by the cat. [passive voice]
• We raided the shop. [active voice]
• The shop was invaded by us. [passive voice]
• A SEO can sometimes effectively utilise passive voice. [active voice]
• Passive voice is sometimes utilised effectively by an SEO. [passive voice]

The biggest complaint I have about Yoast’s analysis of the passive voice is that there’s situations where the plugin makes mistakes. This includes the last two examples above. ‘SEO’ can be a verb or a noun – you can perform SEO on your website, or your job title could be an SEO. That confuses the plugin.

I take issue that a confused algorithm sets rules in stones for a grammatical technique which has wide and varied applications. While Yoast doesn’t deny that using passive voice can be valid the plugin certainly implies that it isn’t.

“[the] usefulness [of passive voice ] is generally recognized, particularly in cases where the patient [the target/the object or person subjected to an event], is more important than the agent [the subject/initialiser of the event], but also in some cases where it is desired to emphasize the agent[…]

[don’t] entirely discard the passive voice, which is frequently convenient and sometimes necessary[…]

Merriam–Webster’s Dictionary of English Usage recommends the passive voice when [among other things] the agent is unknown, unimportant, or not worth mentioning.”

Source – Wikipedia: Passive Voice – heavily paraphrased for readability.

Agent and patient don’t imply personhood, and this is getting into unnecessarily advanced linguistics. What this does further reinforce is that using passive voice for readability is sometimes actively good, so using passive voice for SEO also won’t hurt you. Passive voice is not merely not bad – it is often the correct voice to use.

Should SEO Friendly Text Be Easy To Read?

From the introduction alone you should already be able to tell SEO friendly text isn’t always easy to read but what exactly does that mean? A few years ago SEO friendly text involved keyword stuffing:

I am writing about readability’s relevance to SEO because I want to rank for the keyword readability. Repeating the word readability doesn’t help readability, but may improve my search rankings temporarily, this is a blackhat SEO technique and will cause problems down the line.

Google has come a long way in the last couple of years but there are still people who swear by keyword density. Although the above quote is not logically written, doesn’t have great readability and practically won’t help my search rankings, Yoast would find no problem with the quote from a readability point of view.

• The quote contains short sentences.
• The paragraph is short.
• The second sentence contains a transition word.
• The two sentences start with different words.
• The quote has correct use of grammar.
• The quote has ~9% keyword density, which is high but Yoast doesn’t use keyword density as a readability metric. 
• The second half is written in a passive voice.

Further – slightly larger text helps the older demographic, don’t use small text just to be sleek.

• High contrast has great use specially if you have an elderly search demographic, please highlight the last bullet point
• And just to make a point the text I use is light but this low contrast is stupid.

Only one error by Yoast’s scoring, but that quote is neither SEO friendly nor easily readable – certainly nobody would call it well written. I define SEO friendly content as a text which is keyword rich (not stuffed like the quote above) clearly targeted for it’s audience and using the correct technical terms for the subject matter.

The more advanced your target demographic the more complex your writing should be. I made the point earlier that a 12 year old is unlikely to understand SEO or even readability maybe. If I write case studies simple enough for a 12 year old to understand I am damaging my core audience of technophiles who appreciate the correct use of advanced language.

Personally I think overuse of keywords is one of the worst things that SEOs can do to their readability. Google takes semantics into account so if I am writing about readability and SEO, Google would probably expect me to also talk about keywords as the three subjects are linked.

Keyword rich text doesn’t overuse the same keyword. The real skill behind SEO friendly writing is identifying what your audience is and what level and style of writing they will appreciate. If you can maximise your keyword usage without it being noticeable to the reader that is a bonus.

So How Important is Readability to SEO?

A lot of you are finding me on Google by searching does readability affect SEO. The answer has to be a solid yes, but maybe not how you would expect. SEOs advise short paragraphs as I discussed earlier. This is not because Google likes short paragraphs, this is because your readership might like short paragraphs. If they don’t your SEO won’t benefit from simplistic readability.

Good grammar and spelling is important. These are likely to be direct readability linked SEO ranking metrics. It gets more complex when you start looking at word length and complexity and then more complex still when you try and apply linguistic theory to try and find a perfect length of paragraph or overall content to be optimal for a search engine. The real goal of SEO is to optimise your content for your core readership. The indirect ranking gains you will get by writing for your audience are far more important than any possible direct effect simple readability may have on your SEO in Google’s algorithm.

Learn what your audience want and then learn how you can give it to them. Really, really focus on your page title and description. Getting the right level of readability on the search results page will improve your click through rate and that can massively help your SEO – albeit indirectly.

 

Conclusion

I wrote this post before Yoast SEO released an update allowing their readability guidelines to be switched off. You can find this in their settings under features. A standard blogger who installs Yoast on their website and then runs their setup wizard doesn’t get this option, and it is not immediately obvious to users who already have Yoast SEO installed.

Good software should be intuitive so I feel that this post is still just as relevant as when it was first written. By default the most popular SEO plugin (which in many other ways is excellent), for one of the internet’s most popular blogging platforms has a fundamental flaw. It implies that there is a correct way writing for any audience using a traffic lights system and allowing very little flexibility.

If you know what you are doing the readability indicator may help, but if you know what you are doing you will be conscious of your own readability and writing style. Readability has a huge effect on user experience which in turn has a knock on effect on SEO. I don’t object to having the data but Yoast massively oversimplifies readability on some fairly complex rules.

I can’t help but laugh when I see a guide written with the goal of getting a poor readability score from Yoast by breaking some ‘best practices’ getting comparatively good search traffic, and often beating Yoast for readability related keywords usually scoring in the top three for ‘yoasts readability’. The objection I have is that Yoast’s SEO plugin is the widest used WordPress SEO plugin. Does it have some great features? Yes. Overall it also serves it purpose very well. Where it falls down is the implication that Yoast’s readability metrics help your SEO, that’s simply untrue.

I took 3500+ words to write something that could have easily been done in half that. Yoast’s readability metrics don’t affect SEO – make your own metrics for your clients usability. That is the key to make readability affect SEO.

Passive voice was used a fair bit in this article yet people still come from Google, I will reiterate passive voice and compound sentences have their place and won’t damage your page or site rank.

If you want to improve engagement, readability and time spent on page read my engageability and user experience guide. It gives easy to implement user focussed advice rather than algorithmic rules.